Following the results of the UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, Danish, Copenhagen Agreement form is not satisfactory, the threat of climate change for the real Indonesia. To minimize the impact, Indonesia should be independent.
In addition, Indonesia in international forums in the future must be more active along with other developing countries.
So, among other things, summaries of interviews conducted with Compass Chairman of Indonesian Peasant Union which is also the General Coordinator of La Via Campesina, Henry Saragih, and Secretary General of the People's Coalition for Justice Riza Damanik Fisheries in Jakarta, Sunday (20/12/2009).
Meanwhile, the head of the Secretariat of National Council on Climate Change confirms Agus Purnomo, Indonesia has determined no longer to do the conversion of forest into palm oil plantations. In addition, the agreement of cooperation programs which includes the principle of monitoring, reporting, and verification (MR), it is still being done on the basis of the agreement concerned countries.
Approval generated Copenhagen in Copenhagen, last Saturday, by them called, among other things, a solution that is misleading (false solution) to the threat of global climate change, also be an instrument of control and strengthen the position of industrial countries to trick developing countries and such as the Indonesian archipelago.
In the Copenhagen agreement contained no commitment to industrial countries to reduce emissions in large numbers, but only an agreement to keep the average increase in Earth's temperature does not exceed 2 degrees Celsius compared to the era of industrial revolution (about 250 years ago).
However, there was born a number of agreements in the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-Term Cooperation (AWG-LCA) which of them is a voluntary action related to the efforts of developing countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Among them are schemes Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) from the countries belonging to the forest owners in the Forest-11 (F-11) with Indonesia as the initiator. In addition, switching to agrofuel policies to reduce use of fossil fuels and the removal of the use of pesticides that were replaced with genetically engineered organisms (genetically modified Organism / GMO).
Henry asserted, for agrofuel, for example, Indonesia would expand palm oil plantations are now the extent of 7 million hectares to 19 million hectares. "If this is done, it will exacerbate global warming," he said.
Oil palm plantations votes so greedy, so the water will result in desertification, while changes in land use will release carbon emissions in large numbers.
"It is not true that there will be expansion of oil palm plantations. With the expansion only 7 million hectares of oil palm plantations are the largest we have, "said Agus Purnomo.
"Figures from where it was? In government documents so far it does not exist. If there is, we will correct, "he said.
In the agricultural sector, Indonesia is better to develop family-based agriculture than dragging on the world that tends to flow in the agricultural industry. According to Henry, the agricultural sector, emissions from the entire process, from transportation, pesticide industry, and so on greenhouse gas emissions to reach 47-57 percent of total emissions.
"If the industry made, there already exists a large corporation that will supply agricultural GMOs. This does not reduce emissions. The result also meant for export which require transportation, which means emissions, "he said.
With a family-based agriculture, he added, because the fertilizer industry decreased use of organic fertilizers, while agricultural output is for the local market, not international. "This is far more effective to reduce global warming," he said. The last ten years the dry season was about eight months of the usual six months.
Riza emphasized that Indonesia must make one's way forward by focusing on the stabilization of the national industry, including the governance of natural resources, increase protection for vulnerable communities, such as fishermen, by issuing weather information in a sustainable and affordable by the fishermen, and also an insurance issue (climate) is free of charge as a token of appreciation and motivation for our fishermen to continue fishing.
According to Riza, as revealed Henry, "Indonesia does not necessarily follow the flow of global trade by sending raw materials for industrial use in developed countries." "What should be strengthened is the domestic industry," he said.
In the marine sector, Riza said, the government should be aware, the impact of climate change has an impact on fishermen, among others, by reducing the number of fishermen from around 4 million people in 2003 lived about 3 million people in 2008. In addition, abrasion and flooding also be going on.
Fishermen income side is now down 50 percent. From research in Tarakan (East Kalimantan), Wakatobi (Central Sulawesi), and the Bay of Jakarta, "In the last five years the fish catch dropped an average of 100 pounds per two people per trip dropped to 40-50 kilograms per two people per trip. Revenue fell from Rp 300,000 per two people per trip to $ 150,000 per two people per trip, "said Riza. Now fish from capture fisheries aquaculture compared to almost 50:50."Once when 80 percent of marine fishing," he said.
Due to extreme climate and fewer fish resources due to global warming, "Women work so had to go into stripper shells or other work," he said.
Henry and Riza agree, the Conference of the Parties to the 16th UN Climate Change Conference in Mexico next year, "Indonesia must build coalitions with developing countries to deal with industrial countries to further develop the local industry."
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